March 2023

This article is written by Iris Uijttewaal, with contribution from Dr. Mario Lebrato. Lasting over 5 weeks, and traversing the Indian Ocean from Australia to Mozambique, C4 Cyclone Freddy hit Mozambique two times in 2023; the Bazaruto Archipelago and Vilankulos at the end of February, and again mid-March, making landfall northwards, near Quelimane. Sustained winds […]

For nearly two decades, the United Nations member states negotiated on a legal framework that would protect large areas of the ocean, and on the 4th of March, finally an agreement has been reached during the Intergovernmental Conference on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ). The treaty represents the crucial legal mechanism that needed